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Professor Lord Darzi's review of the NHS in 2008 introduced the idea of personal health budgets in the English National Health Service. From October 2014 patients were given the 'fundamental right' to personal health budgets, at Norman Lamb's insistence. NHS England’s Five Year Forward View called for a ‘major expansion’ of the scheme. NHS Choices summarises the aim of the scheme as "to give people with long-term conditions and disabilities greater choice and control over the healthcare and support they receive."〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nhs.uk/choiceintheNHS/Yourchoices/personal-health-budgets/Pages/about-personal-health-budgets.aspx )〕 In Scotland a similar idea is called Self-directed Support, and was the subject of the (Social Care (Self-directed Support) (Scotland) Act 2013 ) but only applies to social care. ==Practical arrangements== A personal budget may be used by a patient to buy services not normally available on the NHS, or to pay for services like nursing care which are provided by the NHS, but giving them more autonomy in deciding where, how and when they are provided. This can enable people with long term care needs to go on holiday, for example. There may be *A notional budget where an NHS organisation actually manages the money *A third-party arrangement: an organisation legally independent of the patient and the NHS manages the money *A direct payment: money is transferred directly to the patient, and they buy the goods and services agreed in their care plan The Royal College of General Practitioners produced guidance for its members on the use of Personal health budgets in 2012.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.rcgp.org.uk/policy/rcgp-policy-areas/personal-health-budgets.aspx )〕 PHBs have been mainly used for people with continuing health needs. The RCGP explained that "At the heart of a personal health budget is a care or support plan – an agreement between the local NHS and the individual that sets out the person’s health needs, the amount of money available to meet those needs and how this money will be spent." By 2015-16 expenditure on PHBs was estimated at £123 million per year, just over 0.1% of NHS spending. The number of people with a budget was 4,800, so the average package costs £25,600. PHBs have been targeted on people with most significant needs, generally people on continuing care packages. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Personal health budgets」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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